WASH TOOLKIT FOR METROPOLITAN MUNICIPAL AND DISTRICT ASSEMBLIS

The 2021 Housing and Population Census indicated that about 92.2 percent of households have access to improved water sources, with about 87 percent of the population having access to at least basic drinking water service (both safely managed and basic drinking water services). The main sources of water are sachet water, pipe-borne water, and borehole/tube wells. According to the 2018 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, approximately 76 percent of households are at risk of drinking water contaminated with faecal matter, which is a potential public health threat. In 2021, access to at least basic sanitation service stood at about 22 percent, and open defecation was estimated at 18 percent, while the proportion of the population practicing basic hygiene was 42 percent. In all cases, access to WASH services was higher in urban than rural areas.

More WASH Publications

Operations and Maintenance (O&M) Framework for Rural and Small-Town Water Supply Systems in the Ahafo Region

The Framework was developed through a consultative process involving desk review, stakeholder interviews, and field consultations to ensure that it reflects both sector evidence and implementation realities.

21 Sep 2026

Study on formalising relationships between CWSA, private operators, WSMTs and other actors

Access to water supply in rural communities and small towns in Ghana has risen from 27% in 1990 to 62% in 2022, while contributing to improvement in water-related sanitation and hygiene. However, the programme was fraught with significant challenges.

25 Feb 2026

GLAS 2025

This summary presents the key findings from the UN-Water Global Analysis and Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking-Water (GLAAS) 2025 report. It highlights the current state of drinking-water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) systems, shares examples where there are signs of progress, identifies critical gaps and points towards areas where greater efforts can bolster implementation and performance to achieve national WASH policy goals and targets.

05 Feb 2026

Water and Climate (Rising risks for urban populations) compressed compressed

Water is vital to a city’s growth and stability and is the backbone to healthy societies, yet the threat of too much or too little water puts everything at risk.

06 May 2025